Grammar Basics: Unit 27 – I’m going to… (Solutions)

Exercises: Complete the sentences by choosing an appropriate verb, and using am / is / are + going to….

Example:

Don’t disturb Mother – she (take) a bath. ==> Don’t disturb Mother – she’s going to take a bath.

1. Jim is going to get a haircut this afternoon.
2. They are going to give us a free night at the hotel.
3. It’s going to be cold today, so be sure to dress warmly.
4. We are going to watch the fireworks at the park.
5. Are you going to listen to the concert on the radio?
6. Have you heard if it’s going to rain?
7. Please be quiet – I’m going to go to bed.
8. What is the teacher going to talk about tomorrow?
9. When Kelly finishes college, she’s going to find an apartment and move out.
10. Are you crazy? Dad’s going to be furious when he finds out that you got in a car accident!

Google

Grammar Basics: Unit 27 – I’m going to…

As mentioned in the previous Grammar Basics, “am / is / are + going to…” is often used to talk about the future:

Examples:

I’m going to write a letter and complain about that lousy car we got.
Are you going to go to the store? Please pick up some bread and milk while you’re there.

When we use “am / is / are + going to…”, we are indicating our decision or intention to do a particular thing. I’ve already made up my mind to do it. (Contrast that with “will + V”, which is used when a decision is not made until the time of speaking.)

Examples:

I’m going to go swimming after lunch.
Tom is going to look for a summer job.
What are you going to do when you run out of money?
When are you going to call Mona?

Additionally, “is going to…” can be used when you are sure that something is sure to happen.

Examples:

The weatherman said it’s going to rain this afternoon.
Oh no – the car has no gas. We’re going to be late.

Exercises: Complete the sentences by choosing an appropriate verb, and using am / is / are + going to….

Example:

Don’t disturb Mother – she (take) a bath. ==> Don’t disturb Mother – she’s going to take a bath.

be
be
find
get
give
go
listen
move
rain
talk
watch

1. Jim is _______ a haircut this afternoon.
2. They are _______ us a free night at the hotel.
3. It _______ cold today, so be sure to dress warmly.
4. We _______ the fireworks at the park.
5. _______ you _______ to the concert on the radio?
6. Have you heard if it _______?
7. Please be quiet – I _______ to bed.
8. What _______ the teacher _______ about tomorrow?
9. When Kelly finishes college, she _______ an apartment and _______ out.
10. Are you crazy? Dad _______ furious when he finds out that you got in a car accident!

Google

Education Focus: Dances

One of the premises regarding the modern American educational system is that education has a social component in addition to academic instruction.  In keeping with this philosophy, many schools host dances for their students, generally staring in middle school.

In middle school, dances tend not to be formal – there are usually no set dates, so boys and girls can go “stag” – the girls don’t have to wait around for a boy to ask them to the dance, and boys don’t have to stress over getting turned down by a girl.  Also, at middle school dances the music is generally not performed by a live band, but comes rather from students’ music collections.

In high school the dances tend to be more formal, although there are a few that are decidedly not formal.  Also, in high school the music is more likely than in middle school to be performed by a live band, but of course it depends on the budget of those organizing the dance.  The boy usually asks the girl to the dance, but there are a couple of notable exceptions to this:  a Sadie Hawkins dance (non-formal, based on a comic strip character who couldn’t find a beau, so she chased the eligible bachelors) and a Turnabout dance (formal).

The number of dances each year varies from school to school, but there are two big dances that are a nearly universal experience for every American high school:  the annual Homecoming dance, and the annual Prom.  We’ll have more to say about these special dances in future Education Focuses.

Google

Crossword – Irregular Verbs 2 (Solution)

crossword puzzle solution

Google

Crossword – Irregular Verbs 2

crossword puzzle

 

Here is another crossword with irregular verbs. I’ve given the present tense of the verb – you have to put the right form of the past tense or past perfect in the puzzle. Have fun!

Across

1. hit
4. light
5. blow
8. ride
9. see
10. lose
11. think
15. read
16. stand
17. become
18. is/am
19. sell
21. teach
24. forget
26. set
27. wake
28. win

Down

1. has/have
2. tear
3. wear
4. lead
5. build
6. write
7. hang
9. steal
11. throw
12. understand
13. swim
14. buy
16. sit
17. bring
20. leave
22. grow
23. fly
25. run

Google

Idiom Focus: Animal Idioms 13

Every Saturday I’ll give you a couple of idioms to learn. An idiom is a saying or phrase whose meaning cannot be taken from the literal meanings of the words.

get off one’s high horse: to stop being arrogant, to begin to be humble and agreeable

Example:

Maybe more people would like Sam if he got off his high horse, instead of boasting about how much money he has.

go ape: to go crazy or act wildly with excitement; get agitated

Example:

The children went ape as soon as they reached the playground, and ran excitedly from one piece of equipment to the other.

Google

Writing Assignment: At the Museum (Solution)

Main Hall at Field Museum
1.    Where is this picture taken?
This picture is taken inside the great hall of a museum.

2.    What do you see in the picture?
We see some displays, and people walking around.

3.    How many displays are there in the great hall?
There are two displays visible in the great hall, a dinosaur skeleton, and an elephant diorama.

4.    What type of museum do you think this is?
This museum is a natural history museum.

5.    What other types of museums are there?
There are science museums, museums of art, music museums, cultural museums, lighthouse museums, living history museums, children’s museums (also called discovery museums or hands-on museums) and many other kinds.

6.    What can you see at a museum?
At a museum you can see displays and exhibits.

7.    What else might you see in a museum besides the exhibits?
You can also see models of things and stuffed animals, along with much more.

8.    What kind of exhibits are in a museum only for a short time before they are sent to another museum?
Traveling exhibits are in a museum only for a short time, and then they are sent to another museum.  It’s a way for museums to share their resources and allow many more people to enjoy the exhibits than would be possible if the exhibit stayed in only one place.

9.    What kinds of people usually visit a museum?
Many people like to visit museums – school children, tourists, people who enjoy history, science, or culture.

10.    What is a school trip to a museum called?
A school trip to a museum (or something similar) is called a field trip.

11.    How can you get to the museum?
You can get to the museum by bus, train, taxi, car, or on foot.

12.    What can you do with your car while you are at the museum?
If you drive your car, you can park your car in the parking lot.  In some big cities, parking validation might be included in your admission.

13.    What do you often need to get inside the museum?
To get inside the museum you usually need a ticket.

14.    What kind of special deals are often available for admission?
There are often special deals on admission for school students, senior citizens, or groups of a minimum size.  Sometimes museums will have free admission days, or discount days.  Some museums have season passes which allow unlimited visits for the year.  Some museums have reciprocal admission tickets, which will allow you to visit several museums in the city for one combined price.

15.    If you leave the museum but want to come back the same day, how can you get back in?
If you want to leave the museum for some reason but are planning on coming back later that same day, you can have your hand stamped with a re-entry stamp.

16.    How can you find your way around the museum?
You can find your way around the museum by using the museum map.  You can also have a guide take you around the museum on a guided tour, or you can go on a self-guided tour.

17.    What are the different parts of the museum called?
Off the great hall, or main hall, there are different wings of the museum.

18.    Who works at a museum?
People who work at a museum would include the curator of the museum, the guides, the guards, the ticket takers, the people who run the museum shop, and the cafeteria workers.

19.    Can you take pictures in a museum?
Some museums will let you take pictures, some will not.  Some allow pictures, but prohibit flash photography.

20.    What kinds of displays do they have at a children’s museum?
A children’s museum usually has many interactive, hands-on displays.

Paragraph:  A Visit to the Museum

Chicago’s Museums

Chicago is home to a number of world-class museums.  The most well-known of these are:  the Field Museum of Natural History, the John G. Shedd Aquarium, the Adler Planetarium & Astronomy Museum, and the Museum of Science and Industry.

The Field Museum of Natural History

Bushman the Gorilla at the Field MuseumThis museum was originally called the Columbian Museum of Chicago, and it served to house many of the exhibitions and artifacts from the World’s Fair Columbian Exposition, which was held in Chicago in 1893 to mark the 400th anniversary of Columbus’ arrival in the New World.  Later, the name was changed to its present form in honor of its first major benefactor, Marshall Field.  The Field Museum has a number of popular displays:  “Sue,” the most complete and best-preserved Tyrannosaurus Rex fossil thus far discovered; “Bushman,” a stuffed gorilla that originally lived in Chicago’s Lincoln Park Zoo and was renowned for his temper; the collection of mummies in the Museum’s “Inside Ancient Egypt” exhibition; and the numerous dinosaur skeletons in the exhibit “Evolving Planet.”  Other permanent exhibits include the Grainger Hall of Gems, the Underground Adventure, the Ancient Americas, and Dioramas, as well as several working laboratories:  the DNA Discovery Center, McDonald’s Fossil Prep Lab, and the Regenstein Laboratory.

The John G. Shedd Aquarium

This museum dates back to 1930, and at one time was the largest indoor aquarium in the world, with 19 million liters of water.  It was also the first inland aquarium with a permanent saltwater fish collection.  There are over 25 thousand fish in the aquarium, but there are other species as well, including marine mammals, birds, snakes, amphibians, and insects.  The Museum has five permanent exhibits:  Amazon Rising, Caribbean Reef, Waters of the World, the Oceanarium, and Wild Reef.  The Shedd Aquarium is more popular than the Field Museum, with over 2 million visitors annually.

The Adler Planetarium & Astronomy Museum

Built on what used to be an artificial island in Lake Michigan, this museum also dates back to 1930.  It was the first planetarium in the Western Hemisphere, and it is the oldest planetarium in existence today.  Numerous astronomical artifacts are on display, including a telescope made by William Herschel, and an astrolabe dating back to 12th century Baghdad.  Permanent exhibits include Our Solar System, Planet Explorers, Shoot for the Moon, Astronomy in Culture, Telescopes: Through the Looking Glass, Space Visualization Lab, as well as three full-size theaters.

The Museum of Science and Industry

Christmas Around the WorldLocated near the University of Chicago, this museum first opened in 1933 during Chicago’s “Century of Progress Exhibition.”  It is the largest science museum in the Western Hemisphere, and it ranks third among Chicago’s cultural attractions.  Some of its popular exhibits include a working coal mine, the U-505 (a German submarine captured during World War II), a large (330 square meters) model railroad, the Pioneer Zephyr (the first diesel-powered streamlined stainless steel passenger train), and the Apollo 8 spacecraft.  Other favorites include Colleen Moore’s model Fairy Castle, a Foucault pendulum, the incubator for hatching chicks, the prenatal development display of human fetuses ranging from 28 days to full term (38 weeks), and even cross-sectional slices of human cadavers.  At Christmastime, the Museum hosts a “Christmas Around the World” exhibit.

Google

Writing Assignment: At the Museum

at the museum

Vocabulary

ticket
admission
reciprocal admission
discount / free day
group rate
membership
season pass
model
display
interactive display
stuffed animal
exhibit
traveling exhibit
guided tour
self-guided tour
line
wing
curator
guard
field trip
souvenir
re-entry stamp
children’s museum / hands-on/discovery museum
validate parking
flash prohibited

1.    Where is this picture taken?
2.    What do you see in the picture?
3.    How many displays are there in the great hall?
4.    What type of museum do you think this is?
5.    What other types of museums are there?
6.    What can you see at a museum?
7.    What else might you see in a museum besides the exhibits?
8.    What kind of exhibits are in a museum only for a short time before they are sent to another museum?
9.    What kinds of people usually visit a museum?
10.    What is a school trip to a museum called?
11.    How can you get to the museum?
12.    What can you do with your car while you are at the museum?
13.    What do you often need to get inside the museum?
14.    What kind of special deals are often available for admission?
15.    If you leave the museum but want to come back the same day, how can you get back in?
16.    How can you find your way around the museum?
17.    What are the different parts of the museum called?
18.    Who works at a museum?
19.    Can you take pictures in a museum?
20.    What kinds of displays do they have at a children’s museum?

Paragraph:  A Visit to the Museum

Have you ever been to a museum?  What kinds of museum are available where you live?  Which museum is your favorite?  Write a paragraph about a museum that you’ve visited.

Google

Grammar Basics: Unit 26 – What are you doing tomorrow? (Solutions)

Exercises: Complete the following sentences using either the present continuous or the simple present.

Example:

What (you / go) to do on your day off? ==> What are you going to do on your day off?

1. Get to bed early – tomorrow we’re leaving at 6 in the morning.
2. I’m so tired, I’m going to go home and go straight to bed.
3. The bus comes every 15 minutes, so it’s fairly convenient.
4. Mary has to stay home – the plumber is coming this afternoon to fix the toilet.
5. The engaged couple is planning a June wedding.
6. When does the next train leave?
7. I’m taking TOEFL this summer so I can attend university in the fall.
8. John is working every day next week.
9. I thought he said the concert starts at 7:30.
10. Susan’s baking a cake for Tom’s surprise party tomorrow.

Google

Grammar Basics: Unit 26 – What are you doing tomorrow?

As we have already seen, the present continuous (am / is / are + V-ing) is used for something that is happening now. However, we can also use it for some future events as well:

Examples:

I’m going to the mountains on my vacation next summer.
He’s taking a test tomorrow.
She’s singing a solo in the concert next weekend.

Similarly, we can use the present continuous to indicate that we have decided to do something, or have arranged to do something:

Examples:

Can you come to our house next weekend? We’re having a party.
Are you running in the marathon this fall?
I broke my foot this summer, so I’m not going to run.
What are you doing this Friday?
I’m going to go see a movie.

In particular, “am / is / are going to V something”:

We’re going to have a baby.

Do not use the simple present for plans or arrangements. However, when talking about schedules, simple present is okay:

Examples:

What time does your class start?
It starts at 8 a.m. every day!
The train leaves the station at exactly 7:15.
Please don’t be late – the movie starts at 1:45.

Exercises: Complete the following sentences using either the present continuous or the simple present.

Example:

What (you / go) to do on your day off? ==> What are you going to do on your day off?

1. Get to bed early – tomorrow we (leave) at 6 in the morning.
2. I’m so tired, I (go) to go home and go straight to bed.
3. The bus (come) every 15 minutes, so it’s fairly convenient.
4. Mary has to stay home – the plumber (come) this afternoon to fix the toilet.
5. The engaged couple (plan) a June wedding.
6. When (the next train / leave)?
7. I (take) TOEFL this summer so I can attend university in the fall.
8. John (work) every day next week.
9. I thought he said the concert (start) at 7:30.
10. Susan (bake) a cake for Tom’s surprise party tomorrow.

Google